It actually couldn’t be easier. Before you get yourself caught up in dependency hell and start breaking all kinds of things, try the following ‘all in one’ command:
/scripts/installimagemagick
Cpanel / SuPHP Part 2 – Fix Ownership Issues
In addition to the correct chmod of files and folders (see part 1), you must ensure that all public_html files and folders have the correct (user and group) ownership. The following Perl code will eliminate nobody/root ownership. Place the Perl script into your /home directory and execute it.
#!/usr/bin/perl -w
my @dirs = grep -d,<*>;
foreach my $user (@dirs) {
`chown -R $user:$user $user/public_html/*`;
}How to update cpanel license to correct Invalid License File
If you get Invalid License File when you login to cpanel after a hostname or IP change you need to update your cpanel license file by:
Login to shell
and run the following from command line:
/usr/local/cpanel/cpkeyclt
MySQL: How To Repair & Optimize All Tables in All Databases
The following command can be used to repair and optimize all tables in a MySQL database. This can be useful on a busy server with many tables after a hard reboot or otherwise unclean shutdown.
mysqlcheck -u root -p --auto-repair --optimize --all-databases
Cpanel / SuPHP – chmod All Files 644, All folders 755
When switching from DSO to SUPHP in cpanel (a must for anyone who takes security seriously on a public webserver), one must pay careful attention to the insecure permissions of user’s public_html folders. The following commands will look in every user’s html folder and make the appropriate CHMOD to allow php to properly execute under SUPHP. Don’t forget to also check for files owned by ‘nobody’ or ‘root’ — they will also fail with a 500 error.
find /home/*/public_html/ -type d -print0 | xargs -0 chmod 0755 # For directories
find /home/*/public_html/ -type f -not -name "*.pl" -not -name "*.cgi" -not -name "*.sh" -print0 | xargs -0 chmod 0644 # For files
find /home/*/public_html/ -type f -name "*.cgi" -print0 -o -name "*.pl" -print0 -o -name "*.sh" -print0 | xargs -0 chmod 0755 # For CGI/ScriptsUPDATE: Part 2 – Fixing Ownership
UPDATE: File permission command updated to exclude Perl/CGI. These still need to be 755 (not 644).
UPDATE: Exclude files in 644, add another for scripts/cgi. These still need to be 755 (not 644).
Free Internet Radio
Work getting you down? Do what I do and listen to some internet radio without any commercials. One of the better sites I’ve come across is myfreenetradio.com
Creating a .tar.gz archive (*nix ‘tarball’)
The following command can be used to create a .tar.gz archive, commonly referred to as a ‘tarball’ file.
tar -pczf name_of_your_archive.tar.gz file1 file2 directory1 directory2 ect...
CSF Download
I am tired of searching for ‘csf download’ in popular search engines and getting results that are either imposters or have nothing to do with ConfigServer’s CSF Firewall software. Well, here it is, a direct link:
CSF Download (Right click and Save As…)
You can read more about CSF Firewall and ConfigServer at:
Cpanel/Exim with external spam filtering appliances
We have a unique setup at my work. All of the webhosting appliances have built in spam-filtering software. However, we have external spam-filtering appliances that are 99% more effective. It makes sense to keep CPU intensive spam filtering off of the webhosting servers which should be focusing their efforts on serving up PHP and MySQL queries.
It seems spammers are getting more and more savvy (or should I say desperate?) and have developed several means to bypass spam-filters. One of those which seems to be getting more popular lately, is to completely ignore a domain’s MX records and deliver spam directly to the website’s IP address. For most virtual hosting and some dedicated hosting setups using an external or 3rd party spam-filtering service, this can be quite effective. Lately it has been plaguiing several of our clients who are reporting an increase in spam, but cannot find copies of it in the spam filter interface.
To make a long story short, I was able to coerce Exim into rejecting these direct delivery attempts.
Log into WHM and click “Exim Configuration Editor”
Then click “Advanced Editor”
Add the following to the empty box at the top:
domainlist relay_domains = lsearch;/etc/secondarymx
Now we need to tell Exim to be nice to our spam-filtering appliances (don’t reject the clean mail coming in from them) by adding a list of their IPs in to /etc/alwaysrelay.
Restart Exim, done!
Cpanel/Exim ‘535 Incorrect authentication data’ when sending mail
So this issue has been plaguing some customers ever since I started migrating sites from older Ensim boxes to new Cpanel servers. It seems 50% of the email users (or more, haven’t heard from everyone yet) is getting authentication errors on their outbound mail – even in Webmail. So the first solution I’ve been telling people for the past few weeks is to remove then re-add the email account in Cpanel. It works…but it’s like using an axe instead of a scalpel. For those who rely solely on webmail, this cannot be done as all their email would be lost.
So I happened along this thread.
The problem ended up being the permissions of everyone’s /home/<user>/etc/<domain>/shadow files. For some reason the Ensim migration script leaves them as 0600 when they need to be 0640. This single command fixed all 300+ domains in one fell swoop:
chmod 640 /home/*/etc/*/shadow
So rather than use a single axe, I took 300+ scalpels at once the problem.